Natural Disasters

 

	Volcanoes Volcano WebQuest sponsored by PDACMM (Prospectors & Developers Association of Canada Mining Matters) Volcano World  http://volcano.und.edu/ satellite images of volcanoes http://volcano.und.edu/vwdocs/current_volcs/ikonos/ikonos.html Current Volcanic Activity  http://volcano.und.edu/vwdocs/current_volcs/current.html History of volcanoes – date last erupted, link to page w/ photo, location (latitude, longitude) http://volcano.und.edu/vwdocs/current_volcs/history.html Windows to the Universe http://www.windows.ucar.edu/ has explanations at different reading level geology http://www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/earth/geology/geology.html plate tectonics http://www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/earth/interior/plate_tectonics.html&edu=elem Volcanoes and Volcanism  http://www.vulkaner.no/ has list alphabetical, active WebCam Pictures http://www.vulkaner.no/v/volcan/bcvolcam.html The Electronic Volcano  http://www.dartmouth.edu/~volcano/ Global Volcanism Program Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History http://www.volcano.si.edu/gvp/volcdata/index.htm volcanoes of the world http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/ find a volcano by region http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/find_regions.cfm volcanoes of Canada & western USA http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/region.cfm?rnum=1200 images of different types of volcanoes http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/tpgallery.cfm find which volcanoes erupted in any year http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/find_eruptions.cfm USGS ~ United States Geological Survey  http://erg.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/teachers-packets/volcanoes/poster/poster.html lessons http://erg.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/teachers-packets/volcanoes/index.html photo glossary http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/Products/Pglossary/pglossary.html Stromboli Online  http://www.swisseduc.ch/stromboli/index-en.html Volcano Live http://www.volcanolive.com/contents.html largest volcanoes in last 10,000 years & pre-history http://www.volcanolive.com/large.html find every volcano in every country of the world http://www.volcanolive.com/world.html volcanoes in Canada http://www.volcanolive.com/canada.html AEG - Association of Environmental & Engineering Geologists geological hazards http://www.aegweb.org/i4a/pages/index.cfm?pageid=4038 volcanoes http://www.aegweb.org/i4a/pages/index.cfm?pageid=4075
	Earthquakes Earthquakes occur when the Earth's crust moves violently. The shaking of the earth are called tremors. They are measured using the Richter Scale. Description Richter Magnitudes Earthquake Effects Frequency of Occurrence Micro Less than 2.0 Microearthquakes, not felt. About 8,000 per day Minor 2.0-2.9 Generally not felt, but recorded. About 1,000 per day Minor 3.0-3.9 Often felt, but rarely causes damage. 49,000 per year (est.) Light 4.0-4.9 Noticeable shaking of indoor items, rattling noises. Significant damage unlikely. 6,200 per year (est.) Moderate 5.0-5.9 Can cause major damage to poorly constructed buildings over small regions. At most slight damage to well-designed buildings. 800 per year Strong 6.0-6.9 Can be destructive in areas up to about 100 miles across in populated areas. 120 per year Major 7.0-7.9 Can cause serious damage over larger areas. 18 per year Great 8.0-8.9 Can cause serious damage in areas several hundred miles across. 1 per year Great 9.0-9.9 Devastating in areas several thousand miles across. 1 per 20 years Great 10.0+ Never recorded; see below for equivalent seismic energy yield. Extremely rare (Unknown) (Based on U.S. Geological Survey documents.)[1] Source: Wikipedia.org USGS ~ United States Geological Survey earthquakes http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learning/kids/ National Earthquake Information Centre  Lots of data on earthquakes around the world. Few pictures. Maintained by the U.S. Geological Survey. AEG - Association of Environmental & Engineering Geologists earthquakes http://www.aegweb.org/i4a/pages/index.cfm?pageid=4074
	Plate Tectonics This Dynamic Earth: The Story of Plate Tectonics  Diagrams show how the continents were formed. Explains reasons for earthquakes & volcanoes. Maintained by the U.S. Geological Survey.
	Mud Slides or Land Slides Mud slides often occur because the natural vegetation has been removed from steep slopes. When there is a lot of rainfall in a short period of time, the soil layer becomes unstable and slides down the sides of mountains. Mud slides are also common along coastal areas where the cliffs have been eroded away by the action of waves. How to deal with a mudslide A site maintained by the Red Cross AEG - Association of Environmental & Engineering Geologists Landslides http://www.aegweb.org/i4a/pages/index.cfm?pageid=4073
	Avalanches Contrary to popular belief, avalanches are not only made of snow. Avalanches are composed of snow, ice, soil and rocks as well as vegetation like trees. Want to know more about avalanches? Visit this site for information and links to information about avalanches on the Web.
	Tsunamis Tsunamis are huge waves that travel over long distances over the ocean. They are made when the earth moves suddenly and with a lot of force. Imagine what would happen to the surface of water in a bucket if you were to hit the side of the bucket very hard. The water would start to move and probably slosh over the opposite side of the bucket. Tsunamis happen after volcanic eruptions and earthquakes. The huge waves travel over the ocean and hit the beach somewhere that is thousands of kilometers away. One of the deadliest disasters in modern history was the Asian Tsunami which happened on December 26, 2004. It happened as a result of the Sumatra-Andaman earthquake, an undersea earthquake that registered about 9.2 on the Richter scale.